  Our first stop of the day was the synagogue "El Ghriba" (the stranger).
Djerba has a Jewish community of about 1000, but most of them don't
regularly
worship
at El Ghriba. It is said that the
establishment of a synagogue here dates back to
the time of the destruction of the First Temple in Jerusalem
by Babylonians in
586 BC or the destruction of the Second Temple in
Jerusalem by the Romans in 70 AD. Either
circumstances makes it the oldest Jewish community
outside of
Israel. Since then the community has been bolstered by fleeing Jewish
refugees of several other periods. The current synagogue was
built only a couple hundred years ago.
  During
the World War II, when Tunisia was occupied by the Nazis, Tunisia’s
Moslem population protected its Jewish population
from persecution by the Vichy government -- though the Nazis
imposed a "fine" of 50 kilograms (110 pounds) of gold from the Djerba
Jewish community. While Tunisians will proclaim that their
relationship with their Jewish community is good there is at least one
sign that they might not be perfect:
In Houmt Souk, according to the Jewish community, the
municipality is very laxed in there garbage collection from
the "hara" (Jewish Quarter), to the point of being a community health
issue. On a couple of walks through the hara, I have seen large
isolated piles of garbage that look like they might have been in place
for more than a week, but community itself is very tidy.
Also sharing the Island of Djeba is the Karijite sect of Islam, a stricter, more
austere and conservative sect than the more widespread Sunni. Historically
the two religious groups have gotten along fairly well in Tunisia.
Perhaps this is because the unity that has been created as the island has been long sought as a treasure by
others.
This
last point is reflected in the traditional architectural style
which includes fortified homesteads and fortified mosques (rabat), with high
thick wall and few windows to the outside, and high birms around the
farms -- which also function to hold in the scarce rain water, but are
much higher than can ever be justified for this purpose.
Juxtaposed
to this is the modern day
religion of European tourism on Djerba. After viewing the vestiges of
the dwindling traditional culture and architecture we went off to take a peek at
it. Increasingly, now instead of walls and berms to keep-out the
invaders, longer stretches of the coast are being walled off from the interior by
tourist resorts that sit cheek-to-jowl and keep out the locals. Most are only two and three stories high, so they
barely show above the palm trees (not the 8 and 10 story
behemoths of some resort
destinations). Up near the road we could peek in on some of the diversion activities;
light tennis courts (in high season it pretty hot to be playing tennis during the middle
of the day), a choice of camel, pony or horse carriage rides, off-road
4x4' and motor/scooters to rent and discos. Presumably the swimming pools that are
advertised are closer to the beach.
 One
man who is making the most of the new comers is impresario "Ali Berbere"
as he catches the tourist attention and their pocket change at his one-man
road-side attraction, in Guellala. His routine includes a witty patter,
in a half dozen languages,
throwing a quick clay pot on an old foot-kicked potter,s wheel and demonstrates how Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves
avoided detection by sliding into large amphora. To my mind the
more substantive and interesting of his offerings are overlooked by most
of the visitors: Further back in his "cave" (or traditional
semi-subterranean factory building) he has some old olive oil
presses equipment and exhibits some
other traditions Djerba culture and architecture.
Up a steep hill at the edge of town is the Musée
Guellala (or Musée du Patrmonie as it is alternately known). The
building is a model of the area’s architecture and is filled with a
series of life-size dioramas depicting life in Djerba using manikins in
native dress with explanations in four languages. It was done well and,
even if the manikins are a bit cheesy for western tastes, they
nevertheless get their points across. There are a whole series of scenes
from a traditional wedding, a circumcision, a medicine man, and Sufi
mystics to a live camel pulling another olive press and rooms full of
calligraphy and paintings.
From here
we headed northeast to Midoun where we stopped for a late lunch. A
typical meal was chicken couscous with ojja merguez -- very
tasty as an appetizer -- and plenty of French bread to sop up the sauce.
From
Midoun we headed northwest to Houmt Souq. All day we bucked a
headwind from some angle so the strong tailwind the last seventeen
kilometers was much appreciated. We "flew" home. This last segment passed the island’s
tourist district. The big hotels are elbowing each other along this
entire stretch leaving little room for public beaches. Though it is not
yet the high tourist season, we have saw many more tourists here then
elsewhere. Taxis seem to be their main mode of transport around the
island, and we saw plenty whenever we were near the tourist
destinations.
Knowing Tunisia's reputation
for high level corruption, the whole scene raises the question as to how
the hotels got all the prime real-estate? And how this elite economy
fits with the local economy where most of the inhabitants of the island
live at a pretty modest standard, and most of the employment at the
hotels work at minimum wage service position?
Back to the outskirts of Houmt Souk you can view
Borj Ghazi Musapha, the city’s thirteenth century fort and the scene of a grizzly
massacre: Dragut, a compatriot of the Barbarossa brothers, captured the
fort from the Spanish in 1560 and slaughtered the garrison and every one
else held up in the fort (6000 people) -- making a gruesome
pyramid of the skulls which stood as warning for three hundred years.
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